{"componentChunkName":"component---src-templates-project-js","path":"/project/harvard-university-hefty-tuition-with-healthy-financial-aid/","result":{"data":{"project":{"id":"-5055566a-66d0-5331-9824-f95d651b9d0e","publishedAt":"2020-05-23T07:00:00.000Z","categories":[{"_id":"6e40d903-3845-4d26-9e73-529a3fdeb70d","title":"Article"}],"subjects":[{"_id":"c4a3e461-ea18-4002-8a56-80500bfe17c2","title":"Campus"},{"_id":"97aaf57b-a7c1-4e47-abf4-9b40735d8992","title":"People"}],"relatedProjects":[{"title":"Of Varying Value: Harvard’s Tuition over Time","_id":"16499f87-0e5e-4b61-bcd9-d8a2651b140f","slug":{"current":"of-varying-value-harvards-tuition-over-time"},"_rawMainImage":{"_type":"mainImage","asset":{"_ref":"image-3270927d0dab0b9a060c1289dc45e2542fcca63a-1200x750-png","_type":"reference"}},"_rawExcerpt":[{"_key":"30c60a2c1124","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"30c60a2c11240","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Tuition is what the Harvard thinks its education is worth: the students have to decide whether or not they agree."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]}],"mainImage":{"crop":null,"hotspot":null,"asset":{"_id":"image-5fdc8f32ccddae0593b169d3bf3dab9b983700a3-1200x750-png"},"alt":null},"title":"Harvard University: Hefty Tuition with Healthy Financial Aid?","slug":{"current":"harvard-university-hefty-tuition-with-healthy-financial-aid"},"_rawExcerpt":[{"_key":"8ea36072167e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8ea36072167e0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Checking the reality against the rhetoric."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"_rawBody":[{"_key":"c0ad300cf51d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c0ad300cf51d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Introduction"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"ff173d643c02","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ff173d643c020","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"People, including HODP, often "},{"_key":"ff173d643c021","_type":"span","marks":["50999464c1be"],"text":"scrutinize tuition"},{"_key":"ff173d643c022","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"  at top universities. But it’s important to dovetail any discussions of tuition with analysis of financial aid to see to see if Harvard really lives up to its promise to “bring the best students to Harvard, "},{"_key":"ff173d643c023","_type":"span","marks":["133d486a4cf4"],"text":"regardless of their ability to pay"},{"_key":"ff173d643c024","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":".”"}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"50999464c1be","_type":"internalLink","reference":{"_id":"16499f87-0e5e-4b61-bcd9-d8a2651b140f","_type":"project","_rev":"5mW8uWF9hIPL0EjKSjjFH4","_createdAt":"2020-07-31T23:29:26Z","_updatedAt":"2020-08-02T07:09:36Z","body":[{"_key":"4001a9e5231f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4001a9e5231f0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Introduction"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"b7ca1605cbf9","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b7ca1605cbf90","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"It’s no secret that attending private post-secondary institutions like Harvard is "},{"_key":"b7ca1605cbf91","_type":"span","marks":["591983ecf04c"],"text":"expensive"},{"_key":"b7ca1605cbf92","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". For the 2019–2020 academic year, Harvard College’s "},{"_key":"b7ca1605cbf93","_type":"span","marks":["4bafae735ef6"],"text":"total cost of attendance, not including optional fees, was a hefty $69,607"},{"_key":"b7ca1605cbf94","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". (Assuming an average of 12.5 hours spent in class per week, tuition averages out to $159.10 "},{"_key":"b7ca1605cbf95","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"per hour"},{"_key":"b7ca1605cbf96","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" of class). In this article, we present the results of our analysis of Harvard’s tuition over time."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"591983ecf04c","_type":"link","blank":true,"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/13/magazine/is-college-tuition-too-high.html"},{"_key":"4bafae735ef6","_type":"link","blank":true,"href":"https://handbook.fas.harvard.edu/book/tuition-and-fees"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"14252e1929e6","_type":"figure","asset":{"_ref":"image-cddae41a498bbe50e743b8dd0ee7dac61335511d-1304x806-png","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"4fe5bbd73d80","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4fe5bbd73d800","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Why Tuition Matters"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"a061387f9fa4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a061387f9fa40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"(For this analysis, we consider tuition as the total cost of attendance. In a general sense, one might consider Harvard as an education inclusive of experiences outside of the classroom. Then, it makes most sense to analyze the data on what we pay for the "},{"_key":"a061387f9fa41","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":"entire"},{"_key":"a061387f9fa42","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" experience.)"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"de37cf6c4013","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"de37cf6c40130","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"There are a number of ways we can understand what the tuition is. Primarily, we think of education as a service: students choose to go on to higher education to learn skills and acquire knowledge that will be useful in their future professional or personal lives. Then, the tuition is simply how much that education is worth to students."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"546d51269abc","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"546d51269abc0","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Or, at least, tuition is what the University thinks its education is worth: the students have to decide whether or not they agree."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"blockquote"},{"_key":"a9774ab12433","_type":"figure","asset":{"_ref":"image-45865e0fe002962a7d0162f8877d4c9694e35037-1484x1518-png","_type":"reference"},"caption":"Breakdown of Harvard University’s Revenue Sources (Source: FY19 Harvard Financial Report)"},{"_key":"7e67595d2c4d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"7e67595d2c4d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Tuition is also a significant source of the University’s revenue."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ce65a7d8b7d0","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ce65a7d8b7d00","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Here, we can see that the total tuition paid by students makes up a solid 22% of Harvard University’s annual income. Changing the cost to students can significantly alter the total revenue for the University."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6c178b7872cf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6c178b7872cf0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"However, tuition can also be a significant barrier to entry. Yes, financial aid exists, and "},{"_key":"6c178b7872cf1","_type":"span","marks":["e747ec09c7fe"],"text":"55% of Harvard College students receive some form of need-based financial aid"},{"_key":"6c178b7872cf2","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", but the sticker price is still what many students have to pay in some amount to attend. Due to high tuition, there are many qualified students who simply can’t afford a Harvard education, which we will discuss in more detail later."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"e747ec09c7fe","_type":"link","blank":true,"href":"https://college.harvard.edu/financial-aid"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"0e3ad015a388","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0e3ad015a3880","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Our analysis shows that Harvard tuition is high, and it’s only increasing from here on out."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"blockquote"},{"_key":"444ec39bbd7e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"444ec39bbd7e0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"These are two seemingly obvious results, but they beg some more interesting questions: why does tuition continue to increase every year? Why is the cost so high to begin with? Which components of the tuition increase the most, and what are the causes of these increases? Does the value of the Harvard experience actually improve at a rate commensurate with the increase in costs?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"957d0b7e84a4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"957d0b7e84a40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Data Collection"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"e9fa5e7e1324","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e9fa5e7e13240","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"We analyzed Harvard College’s annual Cost of Attendance over the 35-year period from 1985 to 2020. We acquired the bulk of data (1985–2016) from the Harvard Open Data Project’s own visualization of "},{"_key":"e9fa5e7e13241","_type":"span","marks":["fdd761b64e7d"],"text":"Harvard College Tuition, Fees, Room, and Board"},{"_key":"e9fa5e7e13242","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", and supplemented the remaining years to complete our analysis from "},{"_key":"e9fa5e7e13243","_type":"span","marks":["d2ff5363e952"],"text":"Harvard’s Office of Institutional Research’s published Common Data Sets"},{"_key":"e9fa5e7e13244","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"fdd761b64e7d","_type":"link","blank":true,"href":"https://hodp.org/visual/?id=tuition2018"},{"_key":"d2ff5363e952","_type":"link","blank":true,"href":"https://oir.harvard.edu/common-data-set"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"03dcab919ad6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"03dcab919ad60","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Results"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"d5c67871653d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d5c67871653d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"We divide our results in two parts: overall trends in the total cost over the time period, and trends in specific subcomponents of the total cost."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6c7a3152a7b4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6c7a3152a7b40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Trends in Overall Costs"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"598dd8eb9c7d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"598dd8eb9c7d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"First, we provide a visualization of the increase in total cost over time:"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"363d2948d122","_type":"figure","asset":{"_ref":"image-cddae41a498bbe50e743b8dd0ee7dac61335511d-1304x806-png","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"597723fda616","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"597723fda6160","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"We see that not only does the tuition rise each year, but it actually rises at an increasing rate over time. The average percentage increase in total cost over the past ten years has been 3.6%."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"8bb6da061cf8","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8bb6da061cf80","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Inflation"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"59a89cd93fe2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"59a89cd93fe20","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"However, the raw increase in cost does not tell the full story, as the value of the dollar changes and fluctuates across time. Thus, using year-over-year inflation data acquired from the "},{"_key":"59a89cd93fe21","_type":"span","marks":["90286c69a473"],"text":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics"},{"_key":"59a89cd93fe22","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", we compared the percentage growth in the cost to the year-over-year inflation:"}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"90286c69a473","_type":"link","blank":true,"href":"https://www.bls.gov/cpi/"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e67cabe9c721","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e67cabe9c7210","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"With one exception in the year 2000, the growth of the total cost has "},{"_key":"e67cabe9c7211","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"always"},{"_key":"e67cabe9c7212","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" exceeded the inflation rate. Indeed, the average difference between how much the growth in tuition has exceeded inflation over the past ten years has been 1.9%. In other words, the "},{"_key":"e67cabe9c7213","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"real"},{"_key":"e67cabe9c7214","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" cost of attendance, adjusted for inflation, has increased by an average of 1.9% over the past decade."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a61c79dc30bc","_type":"figure","asset":{"_ref":"image-b108a15328be53be4644b1486dd4a34d283c4fd6-1200x742-png","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"fb42f9c49294","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"fb42f9c492940","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Even after adjusting the value of tuition to 2019 dollars, the total costs appear to be consistently rising over time. Over the last 35 years, the average real income of all but the top quintile of US households has grown relatively little."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c3136267a4dc","_type":"figure","asset":{"_ref":"image-1340283089298c7a91b8b1cfdbb03f724e7fc942-910x661-png","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"cb6242dfe3d0","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"cb6242dfe3d00","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"For relatively constant incomes and increasing costs of education, the proportion of a household’s income spent on education increases. Then, it is interesting to consider: does this mean that Harvard considers the actual value of its education to be improving each year? Do Harvard students and faculty feel like the college experience improves this much year after year?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"5415f7a07a5e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5415f7a07a5e0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Median Income"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"e37b64a933c6","_type":"figure","asset":{"_ref":"image-63566b5447100203c7b010781a1959f7bb36e935-528x278-png","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"8e9e6546f2b2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8e9e6546f2b20","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"According to data collected on annual salaries, the cost of attendance only began to exceed the median income of workers in the U.S. around the year 2010. Interestingly enough, Harvard College "},{"_key":"8e9e6546f2b21","_type":"span","marks":["b0536452364b"],"text":"expanded its investment in undergraduate financial aid by $10 million in 2011"},{"_key":"8e9e6546f2b22","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", providing students with $166 million in need-based scholarships. Beginning in fall 2012, financial aid was also increased for low-income students by raising the income level under which parents pay nothing towards the cost of attendance to $65,000."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"b0536452364b","_type":"link","blank":true,"href":"https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/09/harvards-record-166-million-financial-aid-program-will-increase-aid-to-low-income-students-and-provide-a-new-financial-aid-calculator-for-students-and-families/"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"cfff2c186452","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"cfff2c1864520","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"So this begs the question: what will happen if the median income of U.S. workers drops again sometime in the near future, further increasing the gap between the cost of attendance and how much families can afford?"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"blockquote"},{"_key":"01faa7c93209","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"01faa7c932090","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Trends in Specific Costs"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"c71937a8de1c","_type":"figure","asset":{"_ref":"image-3365f0b6c1d6a205bc64c602400b8357af260276-416x278-png","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"ff35e9da5dff","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ff35e9da5dff0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Here, we have plotted data on additional student fees, which include the annual student activity fee and health fee. There’s been a steady rise in the amount each student pays in additional fees, except for significant drops in 2008–09 and 2012–13; we believe these outliers may have been due to changes to the national health care policy under President Obama and his administration."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"66d9c3b63953","_type":"figure","asset":{"_ref":"image-e42a1f65b01ef5adf8c4f91144327f8e33acc947-391x278-png","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"14ed5cf3f0a5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"14ed5cf3f0a50","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"As a percentage of the total cost of attendance, however, these additional fees have continued to steadily decrease over the last 35 years. Between the years 2015 and 2019, this percentage has sat relatively close to 6%."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"5f7461ab3c5b","_type":"figure","asset":{"_ref":"image-078d3b6ab3a50d5affdb4c242eec615798b5a191-441x278-png","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"cb658a384eb4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"cb658a384eb40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"There’s also been a steady increase in base tuition since the year 1985 (not including room, board, additional fees and other personal expenses)."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"39fc421d9e8f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"39fc421d9e8f0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"As the data reveals, even inflation alone is not sufficient to justify this base tuition climbing upward year after year. Harvard is indeed getting more and more expensive."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"blockquote"},{"_key":"ece1d2d42736","_type":"figure","asset":{"_ref":"image-8a976017bac1678b3938a3d8e95eafb70ca2e7d7-396x278-png","_type":"reference"}},{"_key":"3978191b41a8","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"3978191b41a80","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"When looking at base tuition as a percentage of the total cost of attendance, we observe that it’s stayed between 65 to 70%. Though there was a noticeable increase in this percentage coming into the 21st century, it has been going back down since the year 2006 and is currently at about 68.5%."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"78c636b13691","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"78c636b136910","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Future Analyses"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"82620960cb80","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"82620960cb800","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"While the current analysis has generated some interesting results and points of discussion, there are still points left to be analyzed, among which we’d recommend:"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ce9aa5daea08","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ce9aa5daea080","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Analyze costs for other divisions of Harvard University."},{"_key":"ce9aa5daea081","_type":"span","marks":["strong"],"text":" "},{"_key":"ce9aa5daea082","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Harvard is not limited to the College for undergraduates, but has a total of "},{"_key":"ce9aa5daea083","_type":"span","marks":["c87d753327dd"],"text":"twelve degree-granting schools"},{"_key":"ce9aa5daea084","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". How does tuition for Harvard College compare to that of other arms of the University?"}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[{"_key":"c87d753327dd","_type":"link","blank":true,"href":"https://www.harvard.edu/schools"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"05894ea40610","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"05894ea406100","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Consider the cost of room and board in the context of the housing market. "},{"_key":"05894ea406101","_type":"span","marks":["dd3014bd38db"],"text":"The US real estate market has seen abrupt and significant contractions and expansions in recent history"},{"_key":"05894ea406102","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", and it could be interesting to see what the data says about Harvard’s price of room and board compared to fluctuations in the larger market."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[{"_key":"dd3014bd38db","_type":"link","blank":true,"href":"https://www.forbes.com/sites/stephenmcbride1/2019/11/20/how-to-make-a-killing-during-the-biggest-housing-boom-in-history/"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ae79a5bd9265","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ae79a5bd92650","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Compare Harvard’s tuition over time to admissions data. There may be interesting trends in the relation between Harvard College’s rising costs and "},{"_key":"ae79a5bd92651","_type":"span","marks":["a1ca701fdf6a"],"text":"dropping admission rates"},{"_key":"ae79a5bd92652","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" over time."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[{"_key":"a1ca701fdf6a","_type":"link","blank":true,"href":"https://qz.com/1584304/acceptances-rates-at-top-us-colleges-dropped-further-for-the-class-of-2023/"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c22858a9bb4b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c22858a9bb4b0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Compare the costs of Harvard College with peer institutions, such as the other schools in the Ivy League as well as post-secondary institutions in the Boston/New England area. It may be interesting to note differing changes in tuition over time, and this analysis would be useful if combined with a concurrent investigation of how much financial aid is being awarded to students at these other schools."}],"level":1,"listItem":"bullet","markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"b04e9c2667c5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b04e9c2667c50","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Conclusion"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"d7fcca4d111b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d7fcca4d111b0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Harvard College is expensive, even after we’ve adjusted for annual inflation rates, and especially compared to the median U.S. household income. Of course, Harvard’s tuition is also responsive to local and domestic events, from policy decisions at the University level to larger societal currents happening on a global scale. Finally, since the College’s real costs are consistently increasing over time relative to the economy, Harvard should carefully consider the growing difference between its tuition increases and the incomes of most American families."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"categories":[{"_key":"da62a6827086","_ref":"6e40d903-3845-4d26-9e73-529a3fdeb70d","_type":"reference"}],"excerpt":[{"_key":"30c60a2c1124","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"30c60a2c11240","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Tuition is what the Harvard thinks its education is worth: the students have to decide whether or not they agree."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"layout":"default","mainImage":{"_type":"mainImage","asset":{"_ref":"image-3270927d0dab0b9a060c1289dc45e2542fcca63a-1200x750-png","_type":"reference"}},"members":[{"_key":"a7a099f6690b","_type":"projectMember","person":{"_ref":"238ebb3d-349a-4de2-b875-e9dc473b3d2a","_type":"reference"},"roles":["author"]},{"_key":"e11aec4245b3","_type":"projectMember","person":{"_ref":"e86c3083-e62e-4cc5-94d7-1944cdeadaff","_type":"reference"},"roles":["author"]}],"publishedAt":"2020-04-19T07:00:00.000Z","slug":{"_type":"slug","current":"of-varying-value-harvards-tuition-over-time"},"subjects":[{"_key":"cfd466a37125","_ref":"654334b8-97f4-4a36-ac2d-a4d1be589d96","_type":"reference"},{"_key":"d80d26d94314","_ref":"66f6ae93-59ce-4fd7-a883-c5ee728c3e4e","_type":"reference"}],"title":"Of Varying Value: Harvard’s Tuition over Time","id":"-7d22c6e3-66b8-53dc-a64a-2447e11024ce","children":[],"internal":{"type":"SanityProject","contentDigest":"b11502ce9c3a52bc3ff9057b29508cce","owner":"gatsby-source-sanity","counter":219},"parent":null,"__gatsby_resolved":{"slug":{"current":"of-varying-value-harvards-tuition-over-time"}}}},{"_key":"133d486a4cf4","_type":"link","blank":true,"href":"https://college.harvard.edu/financial-aid"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"873441d87ca5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"873441d87ca50","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Harvard’s tuition ranks as one of the highest in the U.S. The 2019–2020 "},{"_key":"873441d87ca51","_type":"span","marks":["762611eb6e31"],"text":"Harvard College tuition"},{"_key":"873441d87ca52","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" was $47,730. Tuition, room, board, and fees combined were $68,401."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"762611eb6e31","_type":"link","href":"https://handbook.fas.harvard.edu/book/tuition-and-fees"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1f29a3c5b9bf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1f29a3c5b9bf0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"However, fifty-five percent of full-time undergraduates receive some kind of need-based financial aid, and the average need-based scholarship or grant award is $55,678."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9c5829acf14e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"9c5829acf14e0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Given these contrasting realities, we wanted to further investigate how Harvard’s financial aid actually works. In particular, we took a look at which schools within Harvard had the most financial aid, where exactly this aid was coming from, and how aid per student changed over time."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"fc7ced2012df","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"fc7ced2012df0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Gathering our Data"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"52407c844fa0","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"52407c844fa00","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"We used the "},{"_key":"52407c844fa01","_type":"span","marks":["03901b94db34"],"text":"HODP catalog"},{"_key":"52407c844fa02","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", which contains data on "},{"_key":"52407c844fa03","_type":"span","marks":["6c95f782642e"],"text":"Degree Student Financial Assistance"},{"_key":"52407c844fa04","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" from the Office of Institutional Research. We used a PDF converter to transfer the data to Excel, and we used Jupyter Notebook and Excel to create our visualizations."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"03901b94db34","_type":"internalLink","reference":{"_id":"data","_type":"page","_rev":"uOqaFgMO4eVJlg2DSZhxFp","_createdAt":"2020-07-28T04:09:40Z","_updatedAt":"2023-06-06T16:44:45Z","body":[{"_key":"996d73256879","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"da2a8023a402","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"This is Harvard's first open data catalog, featuring dozens of publicly-available datasets from around Harvard University – with many more to come!"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"slug":{"_type":"slug","current":"data"},"title":"Data Catalog","id":"-3c0f95e0-397c-5369-abdb-4dd76fec7a0e","children":[],"internal":{"type":"SanityPage","contentDigest":"0cb5a0de23957220495d9899e56a3977","owner":"gatsby-source-sanity","counter":527},"parent":null}},{"_key":"6c95f782642e","_type":"link","blank":true,"href":"https://oir.harvard.edu/fact-book/degree-student-financial-assistance"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"909b0fd6355a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"909b0fd6355a0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Aid by School"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"b8964cffa1f3","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b8964cffa1f30","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"First, we broke down 2018 financial aid data by the school that awarded it, among the College and Harvard’s graduate schools. As pictured in Figure 1, the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (GSAS) receives the greatest amount of total financial aid, followed closely by Harvard College, and then the Law School. The first graph depicts the total sum of money received by all students, broken down into loans, grants, and job income."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a4057071549b","_type":"figure","asset":{"_id":"image-983cee34184ca80920a979ce431885cb65912cd6-720x432-png","_type":"sanity.imageAsset","_rev":"5mW8uWF9hIPL0EjKSjWCSc","_createdAt":"2020-08-02T04:45:56Z","_updatedAt":"2020-08-02T04:45:56Z","assetId":"983cee34184ca80920a979ce431885cb65912cd6","extension":"png","metadata":{"_type":"sanity.imageMetadata","dimensions":{"_type":"sanity.imageDimensions","aspectRatio":1.6666666666666667,"height":432,"width":720},"hasAlpha":true,"isOpaque":true,"lqip":"data:image/png;base64,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","palette":{"_type":"sanity.imagePalette","darkMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#447434","foreground":"#fff","population":0.01,"title":"#fff"},"darkVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#2f9609","foreground":"#fff","population":0.05,"title":"#fff"},"dominant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#f27f14","foreground":"#fff","population":1.85,"title":"#fff"},"lightMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#c5d0c9","foreground":"#000","population":1.12,"title":"#000"},"lightVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#a0cfed","foreground":"#000","population":0.1,"title":"#fff"},"muted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#978646","foreground":"#fff","population":0.31,"title":"#fff"},"vibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#f27f14","foreground":"#fff","population":1.85,"title":"#fff"}}},"mimeType":"image/png","originalFilename":"image.png","path":"images/xx0obpjv/production/983cee34184ca80920a979ce431885cb65912cd6-720x432.png","sha1hash":"983cee34184ca80920a979ce431885cb65912cd6","size":34046,"uploadId":"bWhQspFO5AFRovU5ZIJJk7XaA14BtmF7","url":"https://cdn.sanity.io/images/xx0obpjv/production/983cee34184ca80920a979ce431885cb65912cd6-720x432.png","id":"image-983cee34184ca80920a979ce431885cb65912cd6-720x432-png","children":[],"internal":{"type":"SanityImageAsset","contentDigest":"8f2a67c03b6807d47f8825b927485622","owner":"gatsby-source-sanity","counter":1036},"parent":null},"caption":"Figure 1: Total amount of financial assistance by type and by Harvard school."},{"_key":"b579510a5482","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b579510a54820","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Figure 2 uses the same data but depicts the proportion of each type of financial assistance by school. 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This is particularly interesting because the enrollment isn’t substantially higher in comparison to the other larger graduate schools, and neither is the cost of attendance, yet the amount of loans is substantially greater. The Dental and Extension Schools also have high proportions of loans but lower total loan amounts."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"87a7ab20cc9c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"87a7ab20cc9c0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The Business School has the next-largest amount of loans. Job financial aid seems to be a relatively small portion of financial aid aside from at GSAS, where job income accounts for 20% of student assistance. In summary, grants and loans play a very large role in Harvard’s financial aid, with the former being very significant in the College and GSAS and the latter playing a substantial role in all the graduate schools other than GSAS."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"229bff74762e","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"229bff74762e0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Types of Grants"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"10cb8993e2ba","_type":"figure","asset":{"_id":"image-8b094c4445974d3d24a4df9748dbfe4c093649a0-576x360-png","_type":"sanity.imageAsset","_rev":"0HKRM86CFJ4e5MqjEusukm","_createdAt":"2020-08-02T04:47:00Z","_updatedAt":"2020-08-02T04:47:00Z","assetId":"8b094c4445974d3d24a4df9748dbfe4c093649a0","extension":"png","metadata":{"_type":"sanity.imageMetadata","dimensions":{"_type":"sanity.imageDimensions","aspectRatio":1.6,"height":360,"width":576},"hasAlpha":true,"isOpaque":true,"lqip":"data:image/png;base64,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","palette":{"_type":"sanity.imagePalette","darkMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#3b6037","foreground":"#fff","population":0.34,"title":"#fff"},"darkVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#1159a1","foreground":"#fff","population":0.01,"title":"#fff"},"dominant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#3b6037","foreground":"#fff","population":0.34,"title":"#fff"},"lightMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#bcb4dc","foreground":"#000","population":0,"title":"#fff"},"lightVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#fcb48c","foreground":"#000","population":0,"title":"#fff"},"muted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#5e8eab","foreground":"#fff","population":0.11,"title":"#fff"},"vibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#1494cc","foreground":"#fff","population":0,"title":"#fff"}}},"mimeType":"image/png","originalFilename":"image.png","path":"images/xx0obpjv/production/8b094c4445974d3d24a4df9748dbfe4c093649a0-576x360.png","sha1hash":"8b094c4445974d3d24a4df9748dbfe4c093649a0","size":28547,"uploadId":"R5Lwoe8U9PnWA8pt8yWiZv0tP1M5vwdx","url":"https://cdn.sanity.io/images/xx0obpjv/production/8b094c4445974d3d24a4df9748dbfe4c093649a0-576x360.png","id":"image-8b094c4445974d3d24a4df9748dbfe4c093649a0-576x360-png","children":[],"internal":{"type":"SanityImageAsset","contentDigest":"096969bcc33f8dbab9e0f65898b9db25","owner":"gatsby-source-sanity","counter":982},"parent":null},"caption":"Figure 3: Sources of aid by school."},{"_key":"51494d286ca6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"51494d286ca60","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"In each of the three categories of jobs, loans, and grants, aid can be broken down further into three sources: Institution, Federal, and Outside. 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Figure 3 above shows the sizes of various sources of grant aid by school."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"405778164136","_type":"figure","asset":{"_id":"image-ee0481447553cd014ee7465d026a622d6a6d6766-576x360-png","_type":"sanity.imageAsset","_rev":"7lJidvhe1bfnzzVAmohLvs","_createdAt":"2020-08-02T04:47:30Z","_updatedAt":"2020-08-02T04:47:30Z","assetId":"ee0481447553cd014ee7465d026a622d6a6d6766","extension":"png","metadata":{"_type":"sanity.imageMetadata","dimensions":{"_type":"sanity.imageDimensions","aspectRatio":1.6,"height":360,"width":576},"hasAlpha":true,"isOpaque":true,"lqip":"data:image/png;base64,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","palette":{"_type":"sanity.imagePalette","darkMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#4d4e4c","foreground":"#fff","population":0.36,"title":"#fff"},"darkVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#2c6f24","foreground":"#fff","population":0.04,"title":"#fff"},"dominant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#f0811b","foreground":"#000","population":1.84,"title":"#fff"},"lightMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#a4c4cc","foreground":"#000","population":0.15,"title":"#fff"},"lightVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#f5c986","foreground":"#000","population":0.47,"title":"#000"},"muted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#489054","foreground":"#fff","population":0.01,"title":"#fff"},"vibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#f0811b","foreground":"#000","population":1.84,"title":"#fff"}}},"mimeType":"image/png","originalFilename":"image.png","path":"images/xx0obpjv/production/ee0481447553cd014ee7465d026a622d6a6d6766-576x360.png","sha1hash":"ee0481447553cd014ee7465d026a622d6a6d6766","size":26457,"uploadId":"7mejXCABKGYKUkmYge4TOssMGTnZPOjx","url":"https://cdn.sanity.io/images/xx0obpjv/production/ee0481447553cd014ee7465d026a622d6a6d6766-576x360.png","id":"image-ee0481447553cd014ee7465d026a622d6a6d6766-576x360-png","children":[],"internal":{"type":"SanityImageAsset","contentDigest":"5151f35b3d51ef537f8649884e482ff5","owner":"gatsby-source-sanity","counter":1385},"parent":null},"caption":"Figure 4: Sizes and sources of loans by Harvard school."},{"_key":"07cfa8db19b0","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"07cfa8db19b00","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Figure 4 above shows us the sizes and sources of loans specifically. We can see that most loans to Harvard students are federally funded, and that a plurality are given to Law School students. Business school students receive more outside loans than do most other students. Finally, as seen in Figure 5 below, job financial aid seems to be the most spread out between the three sources of institution, federal, and outside job financial aid is most relevant in GSAS and the College."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"de17fadc5364","_type":"figure","asset":{"_id":"image-756960e140ec03925064f7a40202b3703bc07eac-576x360-png","_type":"sanity.imageAsset","_rev":"7lJidvhe1bfnzzVAmohMWk","_createdAt":"2020-08-02T04:47:46Z","_updatedAt":"2020-08-02T04:47:46Z","assetId":"756960e140ec03925064f7a40202b3703bc07eac","extension":"png","metadata":{"_type":"sanity.imageMetadata","dimensions":{"_type":"sanity.imageDimensions","aspectRatio":1.6,"height":360,"width":576},"hasAlpha":true,"isOpaque":true,"lqip":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAANCAYAAACpUE5eAAAACXBIWXMAAAsSAAALEgHS3X78AAAB10lEQVQ4y5VT227UMBTM//8EPwCIVn3pCyogIVBbqarUIlEW2sSbC4njOL7knqmPQ9JWqBVkM1rnOJ7MGY+DeZ4xTROGYdhgGoO8yMEYQxRFG8IwxH6/96C5PM+hjUXbdg4tuq5DYK2F1hrGGF9QjQKrGDKRQUoJWUlUVbXB11bUEgXPESd7ZFkGIQQCGpRl6UlJHbclrvJrpCrFOI5e/XPo+w5cpGDxLyRpvBBSKyTdGI2mG7DjGb6wCyQ6xex+L13zPKHtLYxVsNaAun1CKE2Lr7chjm9OwepkIaTb+fwisOyD93A1lzwUusXHmx2Orj+DyRj4B0LMSxcb4aqQPCykwvvLMxyeHYGJO/zPtREumyIg6hrfoju8PnmDdx9egfGdb4V8mibanAGj+x9GAo2nJ0o3QsoPgcsa59+vcPDpLU5OD5AUoa83jXVmU6yky1yNSilUuoZ2WW2axmPlIARexTTDuon4d4qf0Q+w5Bal4Kid6iVzlD/XRVWiKDlK96y08jmkqNA7ZFnf947wkeTeSe7+wNpmU0BxIHJaLFy46ZkWr3XlVNN7xOEJl0zNf3mygj5Ap4Rz7hfTAdhEOGICHQKqBY/J/BgP43WOFqztk0/PiSDcA9Dd6jHuCu2DAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","palette":{"_type":"sanity.imagePalette","darkMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#373737","foreground":"#fff","population":0.27,"title":"#fff"},"darkVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#0c5ca4","foreground":"#fff","population":0,"title":"#fff"},"dominant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#d78423","foreground":"#fff","population":0.46,"title":"#fff"},"lightMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#d1cf9e","foreground":"#000","population":0.07,"title":"#000"},"lightVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#99deca","foreground":"#000","population":0.04,"title":"#fff"},"muted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#7ca145","foreground":"#fff","population":0.06,"title":"#fff"},"vibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#d78423","foreground":"#fff","population":0.46,"title":"#fff"}}},"mimeType":"image/png","originalFilename":"image.png","path":"images/xx0obpjv/production/756960e140ec03925064f7a40202b3703bc07eac-576x360.png","sha1hash":"756960e140ec03925064f7a40202b3703bc07eac","size":25980,"uploadId":"owzKzditS3FfV4g2pcbEG0pJW7VH2AF1","url":"https://cdn.sanity.io/images/xx0obpjv/production/756960e140ec03925064f7a40202b3703bc07eac-576x360.png","id":"image-756960e140ec03925064f7a40202b3703bc07eac-576x360-png","children":[],"internal":{"type":"SanityImageAsset","contentDigest":"cbddfba130c3bfe42180d64952386fd7","owner":"gatsby-source-sanity","counter":883},"parent":null},"caption":"Figure 5: Sources of job financial assistance by school."},{"_key":"ccaeb46c25c6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ccaeb46c25c60","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Trends Over Time"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"85c9ff0f6a34","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"85c9ff0f6a340","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The Harvard OIR keeps public records of financial aid by school going back to 2009, so we visualized their historical data to look for trends over time. It is important to recognize that this data is not inflation-adjusted. That being said, Figure 6 tracks changes to the total sum of financial aid given to each school. We then found historical data for enrollments and tuition (not including room and board) at Harvard’s various schools."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"0fa827aef163","_type":"figure","asset":{"_id":"image-6abaf13c7e3553369caf43609075d298dcbfd64f-1068x702-png","_type":"sanity.imageAsset","_rev":"0HKRM86CFJ4e5MqjEut0Pm","_createdAt":"2020-08-02T04:48:26Z","_updatedAt":"2020-08-02T04:48:26Z","assetId":"6abaf13c7e3553369caf43609075d298dcbfd64f","extension":"png","metadata":{"_type":"sanity.imageMetadata","dimensions":{"_type":"sanity.imageDimensions","aspectRatio":1.5213675213675213,"height":702,"width":1068},"hasAlpha":true,"isOpaque":true,"lqip":"data:image/png;base64,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","palette":{"_type":"sanity.imagePalette","darkMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#6d5e47","foreground":"#fff","population":0.12,"title":"#fff"},"darkVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#224262","foreground":"#fff","population":0,"title":"#fff"},"dominant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#a8bacf","foreground":"#000","population":0.19,"title":"#fff"},"lightMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#a8bacf","foreground":"#000","population":0.19,"title":"#fff"},"lightVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#f4c1cb","foreground":"#000","population":0.04,"title":"#000"},"muted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#647c94","foreground":"#fff","population":0,"title":"#fff"},"vibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#84acd4","foreground":"#000","population":0,"title":"#fff"}}},"mimeType":"image/png","originalFilename":"image.png","path":"images/xx0obpjv/production/6abaf13c7e3553369caf43609075d298dcbfd64f-1068x702.png","sha1hash":"6abaf13c7e3553369caf43609075d298dcbfd64f","size":62617,"uploadId":"wDpPmtrckXhkgienUqQFAUyFf4zSf6mL","url":"https://cdn.sanity.io/images/xx0obpjv/production/6abaf13c7e3553369caf43609075d298dcbfd64f-1068x702.png","id":"image-6abaf13c7e3553369caf43609075d298dcbfd64f-1068x702-png","children":[],"internal":{"type":"SanityImageAsset","contentDigest":"6974a9a6a903f3d251c9b18db74c1cfa","owner":"gatsby-source-sanity","counter":843},"parent":null},"caption":"Figure 6: Total financial aid over time by school (not inflation-adjusted)."},{"_key":"9ce0bc0bdb29","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"9ce0bc0bdb290","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Figure 7 depicts changes over time to the average financial aid as a percentage of total tuition. This graph gives a better sense of the “real financial aid” being given by comparing it to the cost of attendance."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"15eb76b15499","_type":"figure","asset":{"_id":"image-dc44964cc34356f0fa948e480a74efdd46b7861b-1142x710-png","_type":"sanity.imageAsset","_rev":"0HKRM86CFJ4e5MqjEut1KO","_createdAt":"2020-08-02T04:48:45Z","_updatedAt":"2020-08-02T04:48:45Z","assetId":"dc44964cc34356f0fa948e480a74efdd46b7861b","extension":"png","metadata":{"_type":"sanity.imageMetadata","dimensions":{"_type":"sanity.imageDimensions","aspectRatio":1.6084507042253522,"height":710,"width":1142},"hasAlpha":true,"isOpaque":true,"lqip":"data:image/png;base64,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","palette":{"_type":"sanity.imagePalette","darkMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#474848","foreground":"#fff","population":0.06,"title":"#fff"},"darkVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#5a292d","foreground":"#fff","population":0,"title":"#fff"},"dominant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#a4b6cf","foreground":"#000","population":0.21,"title":"#fff"},"lightMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#a4b6cf","foreground":"#000","population":0.21,"title":"#fff"},"lightVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#e2bd8b","foreground":"#000","population":0.02,"title":"#fff"},"muted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#78946c","foreground":"#fff","population":0.01,"title":"#fff"},"vibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#c8878c","foreground":"#000","population":0.03,"title":"#fff"}}},"mimeType":"image/png","originalFilename":"image.png","path":"images/xx0obpjv/production/dc44964cc34356f0fa948e480a74efdd46b7861b-1142x710.png","sha1hash":"dc44964cc34356f0fa948e480a74efdd46b7861b","size":90134,"uploadId":"XtcNPtirxGNA5SospfI7zM4C4Hgiy2Iz","url":"https://cdn.sanity.io/images/xx0obpjv/production/dc44964cc34356f0fa948e480a74efdd46b7861b-1142x710.png","id":"image-dc44964cc34356f0fa948e480a74efdd46b7861b-1142x710-png","children":[],"internal":{"type":"SanityImageAsset","contentDigest":"c16908c51bdc591f58e214c5b590c334","owner":"gatsby-source-sanity","counter":1316},"parent":null},"caption":"Figure 7: Financial aid as a percentage of total tuition over time, by school."},{"_key":"5419f758fb4f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5419f758fb4f0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Notably, some of the percentages are larger than 100% because financial aid also contributes to room and board and other fees."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9268d3f8c19f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"9268d3f8c19f0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"We saw that, while total financial aid increased for all schools, and increased most significantly for GSAS, aid as a fraction of total tuition decreased for all schools in the past ten years."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"blockquote"},{"_key":"c792ed284168","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c792ed2841680","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The Crimson reported that GSAS’s professional stipends have "},{"_key":"c792ed2841681","_type":"span","marks":["5b897a235df4"],"text":"increased by 3% every year for the last six years"},{"_key":"c792ed2841682","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":", which puts Harvard on par with peer institutions for financial aid to grad students. However, our data suggests that, in comparison with tuition, GSAS aid fell by 8% from 2009 to 2017, as rents in Cambridge rose. Meanwhile, the decrease was least severe at the College; it fell precipitously (by more than 30%) at some of the smaller professional schools, including Divinity, Design, and Public Health."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"5b897a235df4","_type":"link","href":"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2016/3/22/gsas-phd-stipend-increase/"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"57d6487b6abe","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"57d6487b6abe0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Concluding Remarks"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"h2"},{"_key":"1e715df36824","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"1e715df368240","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Our goal was to explore Harvard’s financial aid data to find interesting trends. We were interested in the breakdown of financial aid into grants, loans, and jobs, and we also looked at the further breakdown into institution, federal, and outside."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"926f0dc76af4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"926f0dc76af40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"We found that out of the Harvard schools, GSAS receives the greatest amount of total financial aid, mostly job-based financial assistance, followed by the College and the Law School."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"blockquote"},{"_key":"8e03c7e17642","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"8e03c7e176420","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"In addition, GSAS and law school students receive the most financial assistance per student. Something that we’d like to explore further is why such a large proportion of financial aid for the Law School comes from loans."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ccd7172956be","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ccd7172956be0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"We also observed that most grant financial aid comes from the institution, a large majority of loan financial aid is federal, and job financial aid is a much more heterogeneous mix of institution, federal, and outside sources."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"18a9a9077b84","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"18a9a9077b840","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Next, we looked at how financial aid data evolves over time. An important key takeaway is that many of the total sums of financial aid given to each school is increasing, while the aid as a percentage of total tuition is decreasing across almost all the schools. We wanted to take a look at this data because we found it personally relevant, particularly in light of last semester’s graduate student union strike, and because we wanted to see how much Harvard delivers on its promises of financial aid."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"layout":"stackHeader","members":[{"_key":"5f92e82297e8","person":{"image":{"crop":null,"hotspot":null,"asset":{"_id":"image-ffb8e8ea150225f1df6e7d634c156642d262d2a2-686x686-png"}},"name":"Anna Li","slug":{"current":"anna-li"}},"roles":["author","developer"]},{"_key":"9b2eeff37402","person":{"image":{"crop":null,"hotspot":null,"asset":{"_id":"image-fcae353b0a446bd7e7b94b8a337e02e94fb6de15-819x819-png"}},"name":"Cecelia D'arms","slug":{"current":"cecelia-d-arms"}},"roles":["author","developer"]}]}},"pageContext":{"id":"-5055566a-66d0-5331-9824-f95d651b9d0e"}},"staticQueryHashes":["2744905544","300934582","727047668"]}